Quote:
Originally Posted by
Ducman69 
Quote:
Originally Posted by Originally Posted by Auntie Crazy
In my opinion, it seems that everything from the basic premise for the pet food industry's very existence (to dispose of human agricultural waste), to the types, quality and condition of ingredients, to the bioavailability (or actual nutrition) and appropriateness of ingredients, to the ever-increasing numbers of sick, unhealthy, and dying kitties, there is room for true concern and rethinking of the whole "food in a can/bag" concept.
1) The premise of the pet food industry, and to lump them all under one umbrella, is unsubstantiated and by its broad scope can not be anything more than your personal opinion.
Though I often find the back-and-forth between you and AC amusing (and usually informative) please note the bold and enlarged part of the quoted section.
Quote:
Originally Posted by Ducman69
2) Likewise, you can say nothing to the bioavailability, type, quality, or condition of ingredients over an entire industry. In fact, I'd like you to list your figures for the bioavailability of even just one popular brand of cat food. What is the protein bioavailability of the chicken in Nutro Complete Care for example, and how exactly did you come across this information? If its merely regarding being cooked, note that bioavailability can be drastically increased by cooking and is not always decreased. Raw eggs have only roughly 50% of their protein bioavailable, compared to 95% for cooked eggs, and raw eggs interfere with the absorption of various vitamins.
Actually, the discussion of bioavailability in this thread had nothing to do with cooking or not cooking. It has more to do with a species-appropriate diet than anything. For instance, and I think I might have mentioned this in this thread already, but take carrots as an example. Most people think carrots are healthy, chock full of Vitamin A via beta carotene. Yet cats lack the digestive enzymes required to convert beta carotene into Vitamin A. In fact, the issue of bioavailability is discussed at length in the research paper link provided in my first post in this thread, as it is one of the main criticisms of the AAFCO nutritional “balanced and complete” claims:
Morris & Rogers 1994. “Assessment of the Nutritional Adequacy of Pet Foods Through the Life Cycle,” Journal of Nutrition (Supplement): pp. 2520S – 2534S (The authors are from the Dept of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis)
http://jn.nutrition.org/content/124/12_Suppl/2520S.full.pdfQuote:
Most of the world's companion animals depend on humans to supply their nutritional needs. In their native state, cats and dogs apparently selected nutritionally complete and balanced diets, but with domestication generally a single food is presented, which eliminates the choice animals previously exercised. Cats and dogs may reject the food offered to them, which sends a powerful signal to their owners, who appear to use the degree of acceptance of food as the primary criterion of nutritive value. In many countries, a high proportion of the food ingested by cats
and dogs is commercially prepared by a limited number of multinational manufacturers. As the health of the majority of the world's pets depends on the adequacy of these foods, it is important to review the nutritional basis on which commercially prepared foods are formulated. Despite the lack of precise information on requirements for many of the essential nutrients for cats and dogs, a large number of the prepared commercial pet foods support excellent growth, reproduction and maintenance in healthy companion animals. However, these diets are often formulated using empirical information that cannot be directly applied to new formulations based on different ingredients. Progress in the nutrition of companion animals requires more precise information on the requirements of cats and dogs at various physiological stages, bioavailability of nutrients, interaction among nutrients and the role of various nutrients in the prevention of diseases….
Many studies have been done on the bioavailability of dietary minerals by various animals, but few of these studies used cats or dogs. Phosphorus in corn, soybean and other plant seeds is largely in the form of phytate (myoinositol phosphate) and is poorly available to simple stomached animals (Reddy et al. 1982), some sources having a bioavailability as low as 0.3. In contrast, the apparent digestibility (absorption) of phosphorus in mineral mixtures by cats can be >0.70 but decreases with the level of calcium in the diet (Pastoor 1993). Because a high apparent digestibility of phosphorus is equivalent to a high urinary excretion of phosphorus, diets that contain an excess of phosphorus place an additional load on the kidneys of cats with compromised renal function and are contraindicated. For most animals, the bioavailability of magnesium from plant sources is low, although the apparent digestibility approaches 0.5 for mineral sources of magnesium (Pastoor 1993). The efficiency of magnesium absorption is not constant but is inversely related to the level of phosphorus and calcium in the diet of cats….
There is quite a bit more referenced information on bioavailability issues in the paper.
Quote:
Originally Posted by Ducman
3) Regarding the ever-increasing numbers of sick, unhealthy, and dying kitties, where are you getting your numbers from, and what recognized medical organization has linked this to the pet food industry, which has over all consistently become healthier every year?
I suspect AC did not reply to this because she’d already provided it: The Banfield State of Pet Health Report, 2011. (Banfield being the largest chain of vet practices in the U.S., with 770 hospitals. From the front page of their website: “Overweight/obesity is a serious issue that affects many pets. Recent studies have shown that approximately 40% of pets are overweight and obesity is now the most common disorder of companion animals.”
http://www.banfield.com/ ) You need a study to link obesity to diet? I’m sure they exist, but it is common sense…
Quote:
Originally Posted by
Ducman69 
...So the fact remains that while one could argue that the government's/AAFCOs feeding trials and nutrition profiles are not strict enough, home made raw diets can be FAR WORSE as they are completely unregulated, and virtually all raw diets tested to date were so off the mark for nutritional completeness that they didn't even meet the AAFCO's bare minimums and maximums.
Most of us agree – having labeling regulation and ingredient definition is important – as you say, “An imperfect safety net is better than no safety net.” I’m certainly not arguing that. But the point of the thread was to explore the imperfections in that safety net – a safety net that with the claim “balanced and complete” leads the consumer to believe the food they feed their pet is healthy, when, in fact, it may not be because, as we are finding out by exploring the issue, there are enough holes to allow for unhealthy pet food to be sold as “balanced and complete.”
You encourage research and education: again, that’s the point. There appear to be so many holes in the AAFCO “safety net” that upon inspection by people in the Dept of Molecular Biosciences at the School of Veterinary Medicine of UC Davis, it seems the nutritional claims of “balanced and complete” are meaningless given how they have been developed and given our lack of knowledge required to MAKE that claim.
Yes, having nutritional requirements is good – but it
seems to me, after all this research, that home prepared food that has not met the AAFCO recommended nutritional profile for "completeness" does not by definition mean it is not healthy – or healthier for our pets than some food that
does meet the AAFCO claims. THAT is certainly something I’ve taken away from this process. If you want further information on the flawed thinking of the AAFCO's "bare minimums and maximums," please again refer to the Morris & Rogers piece published in the Journal of Nutrition. So just as you point out that claims made that are not published studies in peer-review journals by non-nutrition or whatever-degreed people are subject to skepticism, there appears to be plenty of room for skepticism that comparing foods to AAFCO nutritional guidelines may be meaningless. This is not fear-mongering. It is a paper published in a peer-review journal by properly “vetted” people as it were.

Quote:
Originally Posted by
Ducman69 
1) This thread was created based on a quote of mine discussing how commercial food is safer than unregulated home diets because of the expert oversight and safety regulation of the pet food industry.
Actually, this thread was created based on
a link you provided to the AAFCO feeding trial requirements that I found so appalling, I decided to research the AAFCO and pet food regulation. The AAFCO is often held up in discussions of diet as a kind of gold standard against which diets should be prepared… And, upon inspection, it isn’t so golden.
Quote:
Originally Posted by
Ducman69 
2) Auntie Crazy as one example has advocated for ages now for unregulated home-made raw diets, which lack AAFCO/FDA oversight, and has done so again in this thread (read up a few posts).
The entire point of raw advocates posting against commercial food in this thread is to demonstrate that regulated pet food industry food
is not safer than unregulated food, hence the misleading statements that commercial pet food could be made of old leather boots and motor oil which is nonsense. Universities, scientists, government safety regulators, and industry leaders have demonstrated how NO regulation (home or unregulated diets) are certainly more dangerous than SOME regulation (AAFCO guaranteed analysis, specific ingredient definitions, nutritional profiles for growth and maintenance, recall protocols, and more).
Again, there IS reason to question the validity of the AAFCO guaranteed analysis and claims of “balanced and complete” based on their nutritional guidelines/requirements and methodology of determining that analysis. And in discussion in this thread, AC NEVER claimed that commercial pet food could be made from old leather boots and motor oil. In fact, she says, in response to that claim,
Quote:
Originally Posted by
Auntie Crazy 
The point the documentary makes, and one I think is completely valid, is that the AAFCO stamp of approval can be obtained via a simple chemical analysis, and that as long as the chemical analysis of the food fell within the ranges AAFCO considers acceptable, it would be allowed to carry AAFCO's stamp of "complete and balanced" - regardless of its true nutritional quality. (The ingredients fall under other rules and have no bearing on the chemical analysis or the approval / denial of the AAFCO "complete and balanced" seal.)
Rather similar to the 2007 melamine poisoning, in fact - the US manufacturing companies tested for the presence of nitrogen and paid for it, assuming that it indicated a certain level of protein. We know now, of course, how profoundly inaccurate / inefficient a measurement is such test.
Quote:
Originally Posted by
Ducman69 
If the intentions of the originator is to bash commercial food with proven false or at least misleading statements such as the leather boots, motor oil, and vitamins comment, then that has already been demonstrated to be wrong, since AAFCO/FDA protections are multifaceted not just in feed trials to create bare minimum nutrient profiles for all known essential micro and macro nutrients, but a requirement to list all ingredients with specific definitions for those ingredients, along with other safety protocols.
And exactly where I have provided proven false or made misleading statements about AAFCO standards in this thread? Clearly my intent in starting the topic was to question AAFCO as a safety net, but exactly where do I bash commercial food? I feed my cats commercial food.
And certainly, for some of those “specific definitions” of AAFCO approved-ingredients, there is a lot of room for nutritional content to vary – excessively. The overall analysis must meet the AAFCO guidelines, but your holding up “chicken” as a definition is a perfect example. Because it is listed as a first ingredient can be quite meaningless – it may be all skin and bones, with the protein content in the analysis coming from wheat gluten or something.
Quote:
Originally Posted by
Ducman69 
Yes, the topic is the AAFCO, but it is of course on topic and already brought up by other posters in the thread along the same lines to discuss "well, what is the alternative to the AAFCO"... three times in fact. The alternative is home-made human food which represents
no AAFCO and thus
no safety net and
no regulation for feline safety whatsoever. I believe this is dangerous, and rather than make it a mere statement of opinion have linked to reasons I believe that in a logical fashion I hope was easy to follow.
And by no means by my contribution to the thread am I attempting to prevent anyone else from adding in their 2 cents.... unless you're complaining my posts are simply too long, in which case I'll try to be more concise.

In fact, quite a few other – IMO – rather productive – suggestions have cropped up in this thread. Working to get labeling requirements changed, and AC herself suggested identifying potentially healthier commercial canned foods based on more detailed ingredient analysis – and has begun to post the results of her research. Thank you, for that, AC.

Further, I think it important to emphasize:
Quote:
Originally Posted by
mschauer 
No one has suggested that no regulation would be better than flawed regulation. This thread has progressed from discussing the failings people believe exist in current regulations and then moved on to on how the regulations can be improved.
Again, no one has suggested abolishing all regulation of the pet food industry.
But mschauer does some it up nicely:
Quote:
Originally Posted by
mschauer 
…the whole concept of a single manufactured food that is nutritionally balanced and complete is flawed.
Quote:
Originally Posted by
Auntie Crazy 
In fact, all of us can get involved in the efforts to improve pet food manufacturing processes and ingredients sourcing! As evidenced by the explosive growth in raw food options since 2007 - when pet owners first became aware of the mess behind the curtain and started educating themselves - the pet food industry
does listen to us….
…{And} Maybe we can start pulling together a list of pet foods that don't contain these ingredients? Anybody have something in their cupboard right now that could start the list off?
AC
Quote:
Originally Posted by
mschauer 
I agree. AC's post is a far more constructive path to follow. Let's hope we can stay on it...
Edited by LDG - 1/4/12 at 5:34pm